NCERT 5th Class (CBSE) Social Science: Temperature Zones of the World

Question: Why do different regions have different types of climate?

Answer: Different regions have different types of climate because there are factors that influencing the climate:

1. Latitude: Direct heat makes the area between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere and the hosttest regions in the world.
2. Height above sea level: Another factor that influences climate is altitude or height above sea level. The higher we go, the colder it gets. Areas that are located at a high altitude have a cold climate.
3. Wind: Places are also affected by different wind systems. Wind is caused by the uneven heating of the air around the earth. Warm winds raise the temperature of places while cold winds lower the temperature. Warm air rises and is replaced by cool air. Winds always blow from high pressure to low pressure.
4. Distance from the sea: Places close to the sea have a moderate type of climate as compared to those located in the interior comparatively slower than land.
5. Humidity: Humidity is the presence of moisture in the air. Thus the degree of humidity of a place is related to its distance from the sea.

Question: Why are some areas very humid?

Answer: These areas are known as the Hot or Torrid Zone. Tropical climates are found in these areas. As we move away from the equator, the sun’s rays get diffused. Towards the poles, the sun’s rays strike the Earth at a slant. In the Northern Hemisphere these areas are known as a Tundras and they have a polar climate.

Question: How does the distance of a place from the sea affect its climate?

Answer: When the warm air over the land rises, it is replaced by the cool air from the sea. This sea breeze cools the coastal areas in summer and warms them in winter. On the other hand, places far from the sea have an extreme climate.