Motion and Measurement of Distances: 6th Science Ch 10

Motion and Measurement of Distances – 6th Class NCERT CBSE Science Chapter 10

Question: Give two examples each of modes of transport used on land, water and air.

Answer:

1. Land – Bus, truck, train
2. Water – Ship, boat
3. Air – Aeroplane, Helicopter

Question: Fill in the blanks:

1. One metre is ___________ .
2. Five kilometre is ___________ .
3. Motion of a child on a swing is ___________ .
4. Motion of the needle of a sewing machine is ___________ .
5. Motion of wheel of a bicycle is ___________ .

Answer:

1. 100
2. 5000
3. periodic (oscillatory) motion
4. periodic oscillatory
5. circular

Question: Why can a pace or a footstep not be used as a standard unit of length?

Answer: Because a pace or a footstep of each and every person is not equal.

Question: Arrange the following lengths in their increasing magnitude:

1 metre, 1 centimetre, 1 kilometre, 1 millimetre.

Answer: Ascending order of length:

1 millimetre < 1 centimetre < 1 metre < 1 kilometre

Question: The height of a person is 1.65 m. Express it in cm and mm.

Answer:

1. 1.65 m, as one metre = 100 cm
   = 1.65 x 100 cm = 165 cm
2. 65 x 100 x 10 mm = 1650 mm.

Question: The distance between Radha’s home and her school is 3250 ,m. Express this distance in km.

Answer:

As one km = 1000 m

So,  3250 m = 3250/1000 km = 3.250 km

Thus, distance between Radha’s home and her school is 3.250 km.

Question: While measuring the length of a knitting needle, the reading of the scale at one end is 3.0 cm and at the other end is 33.1 cm. What is the length of the needle?

Answer: Length of the needle = 33.1 cm – 3.0 cm = 30.1 cm.

Question: Write the similarities and differences between the motion of a bicycle and a ceiling fan that has been switched on.

Answer:

1. Similarity: Both the wheel of a bicycle and a ceiling fan exhibit motion on a fixed axis.
2. Dissimilarity: Bicycle moves forward thus executes rectilinear motion but fan does not show such motion.

Question: Why could you not use an elastic measuring tape to measure distance? What would be some of the problems you would meet in telling someone about a distance you measured with an elastic tape?

Answer: An elastic measuring tape gives incorrect length of the distance between two points.

Reasons:

1. The length of the elastic tape varies and depends upon the force by which it is stretched.
2. Measurement would vary between 2 or 3 readings even when measured by the same person and by the same elastic tape.
3. Measurement would also vary if different persons measure the same distance.

Motion and Measurement of Distances – Question: Give two examples of periodic motion.

Answer:

1. Oscillations of a pendulum.
2. Motion of swing / motion of earth round the sun.

Question: Are senses reliable for accurate measurement?

Answer: Our senses are not reliable for accurate measurement.

Question: Why can hand span and arm length not be used as standard units of length?

Answer: because these vary from person to person.

Question: How many centimetres are there in 1 m?

Answer: 100 cm.

Question: Name the measuring device which can be used for measuring the girth of a tree.

Answer: Measuring tape.

Question: Give one example of linear motion.

Answer: Motion of stone falling from a certain height.

Motion and Measurement of Distances – Question: Give an example of circular motion.

Answer: Motion of arms of watch.

Question: Name the types of motion in which a body moves along a straight path

Answer:  Rectilinear or linear motion.

Question: Find the length and breadth of given rectangle in mm and cm.

Answer: Using measuring scale (15 cm scale), Length AB = 3 cm and breadth BC = 2 cm.
AB = 3 x 10 = 30 mm
BC = 2 x 10 = 20 mm.

Question: Give the unit for measuring the following:

1. Distance between Delhi and Jaipur.
2. Thickness of a coin.
3. Length of your eraser.
4. Length of your shoe lace.

Answer:

1. Kilometre
2. Millimetre
3. Centimetre
4. Centimetre

Question: Name the device used to measure the following:

1. Size of your shoulder
2. Size of your wrist
3. Your height
4. Your weight
5. Cloth for curtain
6. Circumference of round table

Answer:

1. Measuring tape
2. Measuring tape
3. Measuring tape
4. Weighing balance
5. Metre scale or measuring tape
6. A long thread or measuring tape

Question: State two precautions to be observed while measuring length with the help of a metre scale.

Answer: Two precautions are:

1. The initial point of distance must coincide with the zero reading of metre scale.
2. The eye should be kept in line with the point of measurement.

Motion and Measurement of Distances – Question: Define rest and motion.

Answer: The objects which do not change their positions with time are said to be at rest. The objects which change their positions with time are said to be in motion.

Question: Define the term standard unit.

Answer: The unit that could be used everywhere as a basic unit of measurement is called a standard unit.

Question: How can a measured length be expressed?

Answer: Each measurement has:

1. A number describing the numerical value.
2. The unit in which that quantity is measured.

Question: Give one example each of the following types of motion:

1. Linear
2. Translation
3. Circular
4. Periodic

Answer:

Question: Why do we need standard unit for measurement?

Answer: We need standard unit for measurement to make our judgement more reliable and accurate. For proper dealing, measurement should be same for everybody. Thus there should be uniformity in measurement. For the sake of uniformity we need a common set of units of measurement, which are called standard units. Nowadays SI units are used in science and technology almost universally.

Question: What type of motion do the following objects have?

1. the galloping of a horse
2. the needle of a sewing machine
3. the movements of a mosquito
4. the blades of an electric fan
5. the smoke from a lighted dhoopbatti
6. wheels of moving car.

Answer:

1. The galloping of a horse: Linear motion
2. The needle of a sewing machine: Periodic motion
3. Movement of a mosquito: Random motion
4. Blade of an electric fan: Circular motion
5. The smoke from a lighted dhoopbatti: Random motion
6. Wheels of moving car: Linear motion and Rotational motion

Question: Give two examples for each of the following motions:

1. Linear motion
2. Spinning motion
3. Oscillatory motion
4. Periodic motion
5. Vibrational motion
6. Circular motion
7. Random motion

Answer:

1. Linear motion: (a) Rolling of ball on ground, (b) Moving of bicycle on road
2. Spinning motion: (a) Rotating fan, (b) Wheel of sewing machine
3. Oscillatory motion: (a) Pendulum of clock, (b) Motion of a child on a swing
4. Periodic motion: (a) Pendulum of clock, (b) Motion of a swing, heartbeat
5. Vibrational motion: (a) String of a guitar, (b) Surface of drums
6. Circular motion: (a) Rotation of fan, (b) Bicycle wheel
7. Random motion: (a) Motion of football players, (b) Movement of mosquito