Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: 7th Class CBSE Geography

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife: NCERT 7th Class CBSE Geography

Question: Answer the following questions.

1. Which are the two factors on which the growth of vegetation mostly depends?
2. Which are the three broad categories of natural vegetation?
3. Name the two hardwood trees commonly found in tropical evergreen forest.
4. In which part of the world are tropical deciduous forests found?
5. In which climatic conditions are citrus fruits cultivated?
6. Mention the uses of coniferous forest.
7. In which part of the world is seasonal grassland found?

Answer:

1. Temperature and moisture are the two factors on which the growth of vegetation mostly depends.
2. The three broad categories of natural vegetation are forests, grasslands and shrubs.
3. Rosewood and ebony are hardwood trees commonly found in tropical evergreen forests.
4. Tropical deciduous forests are monsoon forests found in large parts of India, Northern Australia and Central America.
5. Citrus fruits are cultivated in Mediterranean climate, i.e., regions experiencing hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters.
6. Coniferous forests are home to softwood trees. The woods of these trees are used for making pulp, which is used for manufacturing paper and newsprint. Match boxes and packing boxes are also made from softwood.
7. Seasonal grasslands or temperate grasslands are found in the mid-latitudinal zones and in the interior parts of continents.

Question: Answer the following questions.

1. Which are the two factors on which the growth of vegetation mostly depends?
2. Which are the three broad categories of natural vegetation?
3. Name the two hardwood trees commonly found in tropical evergreen forest.
4. In which part of the world are tropical deciduous forests found?
5. In which climatic conditions are citrus fruits cultivated?
6. Mention the uses of coniferous forest.
7. In which part of the world is seasonal grassland found?

Answer:

1. Temperature and moisture are the two factors on which the growth of vegetation mostly depends.
2. The three broad categories of natural vegetation are forests, grasslands and shrubs.
3. Rosewood and ebony are hardwood trees commonly found in tropical evergreen forests.
4. Tropical deciduous forests are monsoon forests found in large parts of India, Northern Australia and Central America.
5. Citrus fruits are cultivated in Mediterranean climate, i.e., regions experiencing hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters.
6. Coniferous forests are home to softwood trees. The woods of these trees are used for making pulp, which is used for manufacturing paper and newsprint. Match boxes and packing boxes are also made from softwood.
7. Seasonal grasslands or temperate grasslands are found in the mid-latitudinal zones and in the interior parts of continents.

Question: Tick the correct answer.

1. Mosses and lichens are found in
   (a) Desert Vegetation
   (b) Tropical evergreen forest
   (c)Tundra vegetation
2. Thorny bushes are found in
   (a) Hot and humid tropical climate
   (b) Hot and dry desert climate
   (c) Cold polar climate
3. In tropical evergreen forest, one of the common animals is
   (a) Monkey (b) Giraffe (c) Camel
4. One important variety of coniferous forest is
   (a) Rosewood (b) Pine (c) Teak
5. Steppe grassland is found in
   (a) South Africa (b) Australia (c) Russia

Answer:

1. (c)
2. (b)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (c)

Question: Match the following:

(i) Walrus	(a) Softwood tree
(ii) Cedar	(b) An animal of tropical deciduous forest
(iii) Olives	(c) A polar animal
(iv) Elephant	(d) Temperate grassland in Australia
(v) Campos	(e) Thorny shrubs
(vi) Downs	(f) A citrus fruit
–	(g) Tropical grassland of Brazil

Answer:

(i) Walrus	(c) A polar animal
(ii) Cedar	(a) Softwood tree
(iii) Olives	(f) A citrus fruit
(iv) Elephant	(b) An animal of tropical deciduous forest
(v) Campos	(g) Tropical grassland of Brazil
(vi) Downs	(d) Temperate grassland in Australia

Question: Give reasons.

1. The animals in Polar region have thick fur and thick skin.
2. Tropical deciduous trees shed their leaves in the dry season.
3. The type and thickness of vegetation changes from place to place.

Answer:

1. The Polar region is characterized by extremely cold weather. The animals found in this region have thick fur and thick skin to protect themselves from the cold climatic conditions.
2. The tropical deciduous trees are found in regions characterized by seasonal changes. The trees shed their leaves in the dry season to conserve water.
3. Growth of vegetation depends upon factors like temperature, moisture, slope and thickness of soil. Due to the variations in these factors from place to place, the type and thickness of vegetation also varies from place to place.

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife – Question: Now can you tell why Salima saw changes in the natural vegetation as she climbed higher and higher? What type of vegetation did she see in the Himalayas starting with the foothills and going to the higher altitudes?

Answer:

Salima saw changes in the natural vegetation as she climbed higher and higher because of the following reasons:

1. Change in climate with increase in height
2. Slope
3. Thickness of the soil

Types of vegetation she saw

1. Sal and teak forests
2. Coniferous forests
3. Rhodo-dendrous
4. Short grass

Question: Like Salima, when you go to visit any new place, notice the type of natural vegetation occurring there and try to think of factors responsible for the growth of such vegetation in that habitat.

Note down if any human interference has taken place in that area in terms of deforestation, grazing, cultivation of cash crops, constructional activities etc.

Answer: In October to Nainital.

• Alpine and Montane vegetation.

Factors:

• Cold climate
• Heavy rainfall
• Mountanous soil

Yes, for habitation and commercial activities.

Question: Where in India do tropical evergreen and tropical deciduous forests occur? Name the states.

Which type of forest dominates most part of India?

Answer:

1. Western slopes of western ghats, N.E. India – Tropical evergreen (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Goa and N.E. states)
2. Central India – Deciduous (M.P., Chhattisgarh), Jharkhand etc.
3. Tropical Deciduous.

Question: Look around in your surroundings and find out the articles made of hardwood and softwood.

Find out and learn names of few trees of your locality.

Answer: Hardwood: Steppers, bridges, furniture, doors, windows. Softwood: Matches, packing material, false ceiling, boats etc.

Mango, neem, jamun, shisham, kikar, peepal, sal.

Question: Can you name the great desert of India? Name some of the common animals of the desert.

Answer:

Thar is the great Indian desert. Camel, Snakes, lizards and many insects are found here.

Question: How is height of land and the character of vegetation related with each other?

Answer: With the change in height the climate changes and that changes natural vegetation.

Question: Where are shrubs found?

Answer: Shrubs are found in the dry regions.

Question: Why do trees of tropical evergreen forests not shed their leaves altogether?

Answer: It is because there is no particular dry season.

Question: What is the special feature of tropical evergreen forests?

Ans. Thick canopies of the closely spaced trees are found here. As a result sunlight do not reach inside the forest.

Question: Name the trees found in the tropical deciduous forests.

Ans. Sal, teak, neem and shisham.

Question: Where are temperate evergreen forests located?

Answer: These forests are located in the mid-latitudinal coastal region.

Question: Why are only citrus fruits cultivated in Mediterranean regions?

Answer: It is because people have removed the natural vegetation in order to cultivate citrus fruits.

Question: Mention one special feature of coniferous forests.

Answer: These forests have tall and softwood evergreen trees.

Question: Name the animals found, in the coniferous forests.

Answer: Silver fox, mink and polar bear.

Question: Name the animals found in tropical grasslands. ,

Answer: Elephants, zebras, giraffes, dear and leopards.

Question: Where are Savannah grasslands found?

Answer: They are found in East Africa.

Question: Where are Llanos grasslands found?

Answer: They are found in Venezuela.

Question: Which type of grassland Prairie is?

Answer: Prairie is temperate grassland.

Question: Where are tropical deserts located?

Answer: They are located on the western margins of the continents.

Question: Name some animals found in polar regions.

Answer: Seal, walruses, musk-oxen, Arctic owl, polar bear and snow foxes.

Question: Mention the major features of tropical evergreen forests.

Answer: Major features of tropical evergreen forests are:

1. These forests are so dense that thick canopies are developed which do not allow the sunlight to penetrate inside the forest.
2. As there is no particular dry season, the trees do not shed their leaves altogether. This keeps the forest evergreen.
3. Hardwood trees such as rosewood, ebony and mahogany are found here.

Question: Mention the features of Mediterranean trees.

Answer: These trees adapt themselves to dry summers with the help of their thick barks and wax coated leaves which help them reduce transportation.

Question: Write a short note tropical grasslands.

Answer: Tropical grasslands occur on either side of the equator and extend till the tropics. This vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass can grow very tall, about 3 to 4 metres in height. Savannah grasslands of Africa are of this type. Common animals found here are elephants, zebras, giraffes, deer and leopards.

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife – Question: Give cm account of the natural vegetation and wildlife found in the polar regions.

Answer: Polar regions are extremely cold. Therefore the growth of natural vegetation is very limited here. Only mosses, lichens and very small shrubs are found here. They grow during the very short summer. This is called Tundra type of vegetation. This vegetation is found in the polar areas of Europe, Asia and North America. The animals found here have thick fur and thick skin which protect them from the cold climatic conditions. Seal, walruses, musk-oxen, Arctic owl, Polar bear and snow foxes are some of the animals found in these regions.