NCERT 8th Class (CBSE) Social Science: Craft And Industries

Question: Give two reasons why Indian textiles were renowned all over the world.

Answer: Their fine quality and beautiful craftsmanship made them renowned all over the world.

Question: Why were printed Indian cotton textiles I popular in England?

Answer: Printed Indian cotton textiles were popular in England for their exquisite floral designs, fine texture and relative cheapness.

Question: During which period patola weaving was famous?

Answer: It was famous during the mid-19th century.

Question: Name the origin of the word calico.

Answer: Calicut.

Question: Name the important centres of jamdani weaving.

Answer: Dacca in Bengal and Lucknow in the United Provinces (U.P.).

Question: Name two places where chintz were produced during the mid-19th century.

Answer: Masulipatnam and Andhra Pradesh.

Question: How did European trading companies purchase cotton and silk textiles in India?

Answer: European trading companies purchased cotton and silk textiles in India by importing silver.

Question: Name the household spinning instrument.

Answer: Charkha and takli.

Question: What did Mahatma Gandhi urge people during the national movement?

Answer: During the national movement Mahatma Gandhi urged people to boycott imported textiles and use hand-spun and hand-woven cloth.

Question: What became a symbol of nationalism?

Answer: Khadi became a symbol of nationalism.

Question: How did growth of cotton mills in the country prove to be a boon for the poor peasants, artisans and agricultural laborers?

Answer: They got work in the mills.

Question: How did Indian cotton factories prove to be helpful during the First .World War?

Answer: They began to produce cloth for military supplies.

Question: Why was Tipu’s sword so special?

Answer: Tipu’s sword was made of Wootz steel. Wootz steel when made into swords produced a very sharp edge that could easily rip through the opponent’s armour.

Question: Why was the Wootz steel making process completely lost by the mid- 19th century?

Answer: There are two reasons for it:

1. The sword and armour making industry died with the conquest of India by the British.
2. Imports of iron and steel from England displaced the iron and steel produced by craftsmen in India.

Question: What were the furnaces made of?

Answer. The furnaces were made of clay and sun-dried bricks.

Question: Why were bellows used?

Answer: Bellows were used to keep the charcoal burning.

Question: What were piece goods?

Answer: Piece goods were usually woven cloth pieces that were 20 yards long and 1 yard wide.