NCERT 8th Class (CBSE) Social Science: India After Independence

Question: Why did the constitution of India grant special privileges to some sections of society?

Answer: Constitution of India grant special privileges to some section because:

1. They had been deprived and discriminated from centuries.
2. Provisions have been made for granting reservations for seats in legislatures and in government jobs for these sections.
3. The believed that this will help these sections to uplift their social and economics status.

Question: What do you understand by the policy of non-alignment?

Answer: The policy of non-alignments menas:

1. It tried to initiate a movement for world peace.
2. Our leaders felt that peace did not mean only the absence of war. It also meant healthy cooperation among nations for the benefit of all.
3. This policy came to be defined as the policy of non-alignment.
4. It means an independent approach towards world issues, without being influenced by either bloc.
5. It means remaining independent of military and political groups while taking an active part in promoting world peace and understanding amongst nations.

Question: Discuss the challenges that India face today.

Answer:

1. Remaining poverty is the biggest challenge. Crores of Indians are still below the poverty line. They do not get even two meals in a day.
2. There is also a lot of inequality in our society. The untouchables continue to be discriminated against in some places.
3. There is also a lot of gender unequally, equality, economics and social equality is still a distant dream.
4. While we have been able to achieve politics equality, economic and social equality is still a distant dream.
5. Making education available to all is another challenges for the decades ahead.
6. One more challenge is to create job for the millions of youth passing out from schools, colleges and technical institutions.

Question: Discuss some features of constitution of India.

Answer: Some features of constitution of India are:

1. Equality before law: The Constitution declared that all Indians, irrespective of their caste religion and gender are equal before law and would be treated equally.
2. Special Privelges for Disadvantaged Indians: The farmers of constitution believed that the deprived and discriminated classes should made provision for upliftment as they were deprived for many centuries. This would help to them to uplift their status.
3. Universal Adult Franchise: The constitution granted all Indian citizen above 18 years to right for vote in elections.
4. Three lists: The constitution divides power between the central and state governments. The subject of union list were to be looked solely after by the central governments. The subject of the state list were to be looked after by state government. Concurrent list subjects were looked after by both the central and state government.

Question: Name three problems that the newly independent nation of India faced. The Problem of the rehabilitation of given below

Answer:

1. The three problems that the newly 8 million refugees who had come into the country from newly born Pakistan.
2. The problem of the princely states. There were almost 500 princely states, each ruled by a Maharaja or a Nawab, and each of them had to be persuaded to join the new nation.
3. The new nation had to adopt a political system that would best serve the hopes and aspirations of the people.