NCERT 8th Class (CBSE) Social Science: Natural Resources – Land, Soil and Water

Question: Discuss any four methods of soil conservation.

Answer: The different methods adopted for soil conservation are based on the local environment. Some of them are:

1. Afforestation: Or to increase the area under forest cover. It is the best way to conserve soil. Rows of trees should be planted at short distances in the field to provide shelter belts.
2. Overgrazing: By animals must be checked. Fodder should be raised as a crop.
3. Water management: helps to stimulate bacteria. This leads to higher crop yield.
4. Rock dams: help to check the speed of water flow. Thus, it controls the occurrence of floods.

Question: Explain the different methods to conserve water resource.

Answer: Some of the important ways to conserve water are:

(a) Decrease of water pollution
(b) Proper irrigation method: Sprinklers and Drip irrigation can be used.
(c) Water Harvesting Method
(d) Water conservation in the home:

1. Check faucets and pipes for leaks.
2. Check your toilets for leaks.
3. Use your water meter to check for hidden water leaks.
4. Install water-saving shower heads and low-flow faucet aerators.
5. Put plastic bottles or float booster in your toilet tank.
6. Insulate your water pipes.
7. Take shorter showers.
8. Turn off the water after you wet your toothbrush.
9. Use your dishwasher and clothes washer for only full loads.
10.  When washing dishes by hand, don’t leave the water running for rinsing.