Class Notes NCERT Solutions for CBSE Students
Question: What is climate?
Answer: The climate refers to the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time.
Question: What is weather?
Answer: ‘Weather’ refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point of time.
Question: Name the elements of weather and climate.
Answer: Temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity and precipitation.
Question: What does ‘monsoon’ imply ?
Answer: The word, ‘monsoon’ comes from the Arabic word ‘mausim’ which means season. It implies a seasonal reversal in the wind direction throughout the year.
Question: Which are the rainiest months of India?
Answer: June to September
Question: Name the month in which the withdrawal of monsoon begins.
Answer: September
Question: Which region of India receives most of its rainfall in winter ?
Answer: Tamil Nadu coast.
Question: Name the two branches of the monsoon.
Answer:
- The Arabian Sea branch.
- The Bay of Bengal branch.
Question: What is burst of monsoon?
Answer: Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increases suddenly and continues constantly for several days. This is known as the ‘burst’ of the monsoon.
Question: What me the ‘retreating monsoons’?
Answer: During the months of October and November, the temperature in the Northern plains begins to decrease, and because of low temperature, the pressure starts rising and the low pressure is no longer strong enough to attract the monsoon winds. This results in the retreat of the monsoon.
Question: With reference to the ‘Cold weather season in India’, answer the following questions.
1. What is its time period?
2. Name the winds which prevail over the country during this season.
Answer:
- Mid November to February
- North-East trade winds
Question: Name the winds from which the Tamil Nadu coast receive winter rainfall ?
Answer: North-East monsoons which reach there after passing over the Bay of Bengal, and picking moisture from there. .
Question: Name two coldest areas in India.
Answer: Dras and Kargil (Temperature –40°C)
Question: Which is the wettest place in India?
Answer: Mawsynram in the southern ranges of the Khasi hills.
Question: What is a jet stream?
Answer: A jet stream is a fast blowing wind blowing in a narrow zone in the upper atmosphere.
Question: ‘The peninsular region does not have a well defined cold season’. Give reason.
Answer: Due to the moderating influence of the sea, the peninsular region does not have a well defined cold season.
Question: Name two states where mango showers are common.
Answer: Kerala and Karnataka.
Question: Name two states on the eastern coast which are frequently struck by the tropical cyclones.
Answer: Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Question: What is meant by breaking of monsoon or burst of the monsoon?
Answer: The rain bearing monsoons are extremely strong and violent. Their approach is accompanied by thunder and lightning. This is known as the Wreaking of monsoon.
Question: What is the name given to the climate of India?
Answer: The Monsoon climate.
Question: What is loo?
Answer: It is a local wind which is hot and dry.
Question: Name the wind which prevails over India in winter season.
Answer: North-East trade winds.
Question: Two stations with most equable climate.
Answer: Mumbai and Chennai.
Question: Two stations with most extreme climate.
Answer: Leh and Jodhpur.
Question: Name any two regions which receive over 400 cm of rainfall.
Answer: The Western coast and the North-eastern India receive over 400 cm of rainfall.
Question: Name two stations influenced by the retreating and the North-East monsoons.
Answer: Chennai and Bengaluru.
Question: Two stations receiving winter showers from the western disturbances.
Answer: Amritsar and Delhi.
Question: State two chief characteristics of the Western Disturbances?
Answer:
- These originate over the east Mediterranean sea
- These cause rain in North India
