9th Class (CBSE) Science: Improvement in Food Resources

Question: What management practices are common in dairy and poultry farming?

Answer:

1. Shelter: Dairy animals and poultry birds require proper shelter, i.e., well designed dairy and hygienic shelter.
2. Feeding: To get good yield of food product, proper feed is provided to dairy animals and poultry birds.
3. Caring for animal health: Animal and birds must be protected from diseases caused by virus, bacteria or fungi.

Question: What are the differences between broilers and layers and in their management?

Answer: The poultry bird groomed for obtaining meat is called broiler. The egg laying poultry bird is called layer.
The housing, nutritional and environmental requirements of broilers are somewhat different from those of egg layers.

The ration (daily food requirement) for broilers is protein rich with adequate fat. The level of vitamins A and K is kept high in the poultry feeds while layers require enough space and proper lightning.

Question: How are fish obtained?

Answer: There are two ways of obtaining fish. One is from natural resources, which is called capture fishing. The other way is by fish farming, which is called culture fishery.

Question: What are the advantages of composite fish culture?

Answer: In composite fish culture, a combination of five or six fish species is used in a single fish pond. These species are selected so that they do not compete for food among them and are having different types of food habits. As a result, the food available in all the parts of the pond is used. For example, Catlas are surface feeders, Rohus feed in the middle-zone of the pond, Mrigals and Common Carps are bottom feeders and Grass Carps feed on the weeds, together these species can use all the food in the pond without competing with each other. This increases the fish yield from pond.

Question: What are the desirable characters of bee varieties suitable for honey production?

Answer:

1. The variety of bee should be able to collect a large amount of honey.
2. The bees should stay in a given beehive for a longer period.
3. The bees should have capacity of breeding well.
4. The variety of bee should be disease resistant.

Question: What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production?

Answer: The pasturage means the flowers available to the bees for nectar and pollen collection. In addition to adequate quantities of pasturage, the kind of flowers available will determine the taste of the honey.

Question: Explain any one method of crop production which ensures high yield.

Answer: One method used for crop production which ensures high yield is plant breeding. It is the science involved in improving the varieties of crops by breeding plants. The plants from different areas / places is picked up with desired traits and then hybridization or cross-breeding of these varieties is done to obtain a plant / crop of desired characteristic.

The high yielding crop variety shows the following characteristics:

High yield, early maturation, less water for irrigation, better quality seeds are produced, less fertilizers required, adapts itself to the environmental conditions.

Question: Why are manure and fertilisers used in fields?

Answer: They are used to ensure good vegetative growth (leaves, branches and flowers), giving rise to healthy plants, that results in high crop production.