Agriculture: 10 Class CBSE Geography

Question: What is agriculture?

Answer: The art and science of cultivating soil, raising crops and rearing livestock including animal husbandry and forestry.

Question: Name any two farming system (agriculture type) which are practised in India.

Answer: (1) Primitive subsistence (2) Commercial farming

Question: Name any four agricultural products exported by India.

Answer:

1. Tea
2. Coffee
3. Spices
4. Jute

Question: What is primitive subsistence farming?

Answer: It is a type of agriculture / farming which is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, doa, digging sticks and family / community labour.

Question: What is slash and bum agriculture?

Answer: Under slash and bum agriculture, farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other food crops to sustain their family.

Question: Which type of agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools?

Answer: Primitive subsistence farming.

Question: What is intensive subsistence farming?

Answer: It is a type of farming practised in areas with high density of population using modem inputs

Question: Name any two states where commercial farming is practised.

Answer: Punjab and Haryana.

Question: Mention any four plantation crops produced in India.

Answer: Tea, coffee, rubber and sugarcane.

Question: Mention any two factors which play an important role in the development of plantations.

Answer:

1. Developed network of transport and communication connecting the plantation areas
2. Developed market

Question: Name the cropping seasons of India with examples.

Answer:

1. Rabi – wheat
2. Kharif – paddy
3. Zaid – watermelon

Question: What are rabi crops? Give four examples.

Answer: The crops which are grown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. Wheat, barley, peas, gram are some examples of rabi crops.

Question: What is the period of kharif crop?

Answer: Kharif season starts with the onset of the monsoon i.e., June-July and continues till the beginning of winter i.e., October – November. For example, rice, millets etc.

Question: What are zaid crops?

Answer: These are crops which are sown between the rabi and kharif crops. Watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber and vegetables are some examples of zaid crops.

Question: Mention any two important factors responsible for the success of rabi crops.

Answer:

1. Availability of precipitation during winter months due to the western temperate cyclone.
2. The success of Green Revolution in Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh.

Question: Name any four states which are the main producers of kharif crops.

Answer: (1) Assam (2) West Bengal (3) Andhra Pradesh (4) Tamil Nadu

Question: Name any two kharif crops.

Answer: Rice, millet, maize, groundnut, jute, cotton.

Question: Name any two states where three crops of paddy are grown in a year.

Answer: Assam and West Bengal.

Question: Which is the staple crop of a majority of the people in India.

Answer: Rice.

Question: Which country is the largest producer of rice in the world?

Answer: China.

Question: Mention any two factors which have made it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall such as Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh.

Answer:

1. Development of dense network of canal irrigation.
2. Modern inputs like fertilisers, pesticides etc.

Question: Which are the two important wheat growing zones in India?

Answer: (1) The Ganga-Satluj plains.
(2) North-west and black soil region of the Deccan.

Question: Name the two most important wheat producing states of India.

Answer: Uttar Pradesh and Punjab.

Question: Name the important millets of India.

Answer: (1) Jowar (2) Bajra (3) Ragi (4) Maize

Question: Which states are the major producers of rice in India?

Answer: West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Tamil Nadu.

Question: Name any four cereal crops of India.

Answer: (1) Wheat (2) Rice (3) Millet (4) Maize

Question: Name the state which is the leading producers of the following millets.
(1) Jowar (2) Bajra (3) Ragi

Answer:

1. Jowar – Maharashtra.
2. Bajra – Rajasthan.
3. Ragi – Kamataka.

Question: What is the importance of millets? Mention any two points.

Answer: (i) They have very high nutritional value.
(ii) Maize and bajra is used as fodder.

Question: Name a millet which is a rain fed crop, mostly grown in the moist areas. Name the state which is the leading producer of that crop.

Answer: Jowar. Maharashtra is the largest producer of jowar.

Question: Name a millet which is used both as food and fodder.

Answer: Maize.

Question: Name the states which are the leading producers of maize.

Answer: Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Andhra Pradesh.

Question: Which country is the largest producer of pulses in the world?

Answer: India.

Question: Name the major pulses of India.

Answer: Tur, moong, masur, peas and gram.

Question: Why should the production of pulses be increased? Give two reasons.

Answer: (i) These are the major sources of protein for most of the people.
(ii) These plants help in restoring the fertility of the soil.

Question: Why pulses are grown as rotation crop? Give two reasons.

Answer:

1. Pulses are grown as a rotation crop because these have the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil into nitrogenous compound. These help to maintain or restore soil fertility.
2. These need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions.

Question: Name the most important pulses producing states of India.

Answer:

1. M. P
2. U. P
3. Rajasthan
4. Maharashtra

Question: Which country is the largest producer of sugarcane in the world?

Answer: Brazil.

Question: Which are the major sugarcane producing states of India?

Answer: Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.

Question: Name the by products of sugar industry.

Answer: Jaggery, khandsari and molasses.

Question: Which country is the largest producer of oilseeds in the world?

Answer: India.

Question: Name some major oil seeds of India.

Answer: Groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed, mustard and linseed.

Question: Which is the most important oil seed of India? Name the state which is the largest producer of that oil seed.

Answer: Groundnut. Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer.

Question: Name a pulse crop which is grown both as a kharif and rabi crop.

Answer: Castor.

Question: Name an oil seed which is grown as kharif crop in north and rabi crop in south.

Answer: Sesamum.

Question: Name any four plantation crops.

Answer: (1) Rubber (2) Tea (3) Coffee (4) Coconut

Question: Name any two important beverage crops of India with major producers.

Answer: Tea – Assam; Coffee – Tamil Nadu

Question: “High humidity is good for the cultivation of tea.” Why?

Answer: High humidity helps in the development of tender leaves.

Question: Which are the major tea producing states of India?

Answer: Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

Question: Name a variety of coffee which is produced in India.

Answer: The Arabica variety initially brought from Yemen.