Print Culture And The Modern World: 10 SST

Question: Name the countries where the earliest kind of print technology was developed.

Answer: (i) China (ii) Japan (iii) Korea

Question: What is calligraphy?

Answer: The art of beautiful and stylish writing is known as calligraphy.

Question: Who was the major producer of printed material in China? For what purpose this material was used?

Answer: The Imperial Slate in China was the major producer of printed material. The textbooks were used by the students appearing for service examination.

Question: When and by whom was hand printing technology introduced in Japan?

Answer: Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand printing technology inter Japan around AD 768 -770

Question: Which is the oldest book to be printed in Japan?

Answer: The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 565. is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra, containing Six sheets of text end woodcut illustrations.

Question: Which material was used to print pictures in Japan?

Answer: Playing cards, textiles and paper money was used to print pictures.

Question: Who was Marco Polo?

Answer: Marco Polo was one of the greatest explorer who returned to Italy in 1295 after men, years of exploration in China Marco Polo brought the knowledge of woodblock printing to Europe.

Question: Who were scribes?

Answer: Scribes were skilled persons who used to write manuscript for the publishers.

Question: Who developed the first printing press?

Answer: Johann Gutenberg of Germany – 1430

Question: Name the first book published by Johann Gutenberg.

Answer: Bible

Question: What were ballads?

Answer: A historical account or folk tale in verse, usually sung or recited.

Question: What was print revolution?

Answer: It was a revolution which not only reduced the cost of production of books but also changed their relationship with information and knowledge It influenced popular perceptions and people starred looking the world in a different way.

Question: What was the role of cartoons and caricatures in the French Revolution?

Answer: Cartoons and caricatures highlighted how the ordinary people peasants, artisans, and workers had a hard time while the nobility enjoyed life and oppressed them Circulation of cartoons led to the growth of hostile sentiments against the monarchy.

Question: What is manuscript?

Answer: Manuscript is a handwritten material

Question: Why manuscripts were not widely used in everyday life?

Answer: Manuscripts were highly expensive and fragile. They had to be handled carefully, and they could not be read easily. So manuscripts were not widely used in everyday life.

Question: Who started publishing Sambad Kaumudi from 1821?

Answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Question: Who was Martin Luther?

Answer: He was a protestant reformer who favored printing.

Question: What was Protestant Reformation?

Answer: It was a 16th century movement to reform the Catholic Church dominated by Rome.

Question: What were Bibliotheque Bleue?

Answer: These are low priced small books printed in France. These were printed on poor quality paper and bound in cheap blue covers.

Question: What was the basic objective of Ninety Five Theses ?

Answer: The basic objective of the Ninety Five Theses was to criticize many of the practice; and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.

Question: Who said “Printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one”?

Answer: Martin Luther

Question: What were Chap books?

Answer:  These pocket size books that were sold by travelling peddlers called chapmen. These became popular from the time of the 16th century print revolution.

Question: “The printing press is the most powerful engine of progress and public opinion is the force that will sweep despotism away”. Who said these words?

Answer: Louise Sebastian Merrier

Question: Name two scholars whose writings inspired French people.

Answer: Voltaire and Rousseau

Question: Name any two women novelist of the 19th century.

Answer: Jane Austen and George Biot

Question: Who invented power driven cylindrical press? What were its advantages?

Answer: Richard M Hoe of New York

Advantages:

1. The press was capable of printing SOQO sheets per hour.
2. The press was useful for printing newspapers.

Question: Name any four languages in which Indian manuscript was prepared before the age of print.

Answer: (1) Sanskrit (2) Arabic (3) Persian (4) Bengali

Question: When did the first printing press come to India?

Answer: The printing press first came to Goa with Portuguese missionaries in the mid-16th century.

Question: Who printed the first Tamil book?

Answer: Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book in 1579.

Question: Name the first Weekly that appeared in India. Who bought it out?

Answer: Konkani, Kannada and Tamil

Question: Name the first weekly that appeared in India. Who brought it out?

Answer: James Augustus Hickey

Question: Why did Governor General Warren Hastings persecute Hickey?

Answer: Because he criticized the British Government regarding slave trade.

Question: Which was first Indian newspaper? By whom was it brought ?

Answer: Bengal Gazette. It was brought by Gangadhar Bhattacharya.

Question: In north India, the ulama were deeply anxious about the collapse of Muslim dynasties. They feared that colonial rulers would encourage conversion, change the Muslim personal laws. Mention any two steps taken by them to counter this.

Answer:

1. They used cheap lithographic presses to publish holy scripts.
2. They published holy scripts in Persian and Urdu.

Question: Name the printing presses which published numerous religious texts in vernaculars from the 1880s.

Answer:

1. Naval Kishore Press Lucknow
2. Shri Venkateshwar Press – Bombay

Question: Who was the author of Amar Jiban?

Answer: Rashsundari Debi

Question: Who wrote Istri Dharam Vichar?

Answer: Ram Chadtha

Question: Name any four Indian women writers of the 19th century.

Answer: 

1. Rashsundari Debi
2. Kailashbashini Debi
3. Tarabai Shinde
4. Pandita Ramabai

Question: Who wrote Gulamgiri?

Answer: Jyotirao Phule

Question: What was the theme of the book Gulamgiri?

Answer: The basic theme of the book was about the injustice of the caste system.