Manufacturing Industries: 10th Social Science

Question: Name three human inputs that control location of industries.

Answer: Human inputs that control location of industries is: 1. Labour 2. Market 3. Transport facilities.

Question: What are light industries?

Answer: Industries that use light raw materials and produce light goods are called light industries.
Example: Industries manufacturing sewing machine and electric fans.

Question: Name four important cotton textile centers of Maharashtra.

Answer: The cotton textile centers of Maharashtra are: 1. Mumbai, 2. Solapur, 3. Pune, 4. Nagpur

Question: Give an account of the sugar industry in India?

Answer: This industry is based on sugarcane which is heavy, weight losing and perishable. Hence the mills are located very close to the sugarcane producing areas. 50% of sugar mills are in Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra.

Question: Most of the cotton textile mills located in Maharashtra and Gujarat. Why?

Answer: (i) Availability of raw material i.e. cotton. (ii) Labour is available in plenty. (iii) Power plants are available in plenty. (iv) Market is also available.

Question: Account for the synthetic fibres under the headings?
(i) Raw material(ii) Advantage(iii) Distribution.

Answer:

1. Raw materials: wood pulp, coal and petroleum.
2. Advantage: finishing is better, durable, strength.
3. Distribution: West Bengal, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat.

Question: The chemical industry is its own consumer industry. Why?

Answer: Since the chemical industry has its own largest consumer, many organic chemical industries are located near the oil refineries and big petrochemical complexes. In the inorganic chemical industry the raw materials used are lightweight and so they are cheep and easy to transport.

Question: Why did Mahatma Gandhi lay special emphasis on weaving khadi?

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi believed in the ideology of Swadeshi, to use everything that is made in India. During the colonial period, the British had discouraged the Indian textile industries and promoted the British made goods especially the textiles. This lead to the closure of several Indian hand loom industries and many weavers were hit hard. Gandhi and other leaders in order to promote Swadeshi goods encouraged the people to spin yarn and weave Khadi. This hit the British textile industries hard and provided work to many Indian artisans and weavers.

Question: Name the country which has the largest installed spindles. State the position of India?

Answer: India exports cotton yarn to Japan. Cotton goods are also exported to USA, UK, Russia, France, East European countries, Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka and African countries.

At around 34 million, India has the second largest installed capacity of spindles in the world; after China.

Question: Mention the major problems faced by the cotton industries.

Answer: Problems in cotton textile industry: Erratic power supply and obsolete machinery are the major problems. Low output of labour and stiff competition; with the synthetic fiber are the other problems.

Question: Why is important to improve our weaving sector instead of import yarn?

Answer: Yarn is an unprocessed product, and thus it has a lower value.it is used as a raw material in textile industries/weaving to produce fabric(cloth), after which it can be sold for a much higher value.if we export yarn in large quantities, the profit gained is low, and the whole process would employ less people, but if the weaving sector is developed, the yarn can be used in indigenous industries, which would employ more people and generate higher profit. thereby, becoming a more favorable option as compared to just exporting it.

Question: State the importance and distribution of the Aluminium industries?

Answer: In India Aluminium smelting is the second largest industry. It is flexible, good conductor of heat and electricity and hence is universally accepted metal for a large number of industries. It is widely used as a substitute of copper, zinc, lead and steel.

Distribution: Eight (8) industrial plants are located in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.