Nationalism in India: 10th Social Science

Question: When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?

Answer: 1915

Question: Name any two methods used by Gandhiji to fight against the Britishers.

Answer: (1) Satyagraha (2) Non-Violence

Question: Name any four places where Satyagraha was launched by Gandhiji.

Answer: (1) Champaran – Bihar (2) Kheda – Gujarat (3) Ahmedabad – Gujarat (4) South Africa

Question: Name the Act which gave enormous powers to the government to repress political activities.

Answer: Rowlatt Act

Question: Name the General who was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh incident.

Answer: General Dyer

Question: Why did Mahatma Gandhi call off Rowlatt Satyagraha?

Answer: Gandhiji called off Rowlatt Satyagraha due to spread of violence.

Question: What was Rowlatt Act?

Answer: It was the black act which gave the government I and the police to repress political activities, and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.

Question: How did Mahatma Gandhi react against the Rowlatt Act?

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi decided to launch a non – violent Civil Disobedience Movement against the unjust law.

Question: Mention the limitation of Rowlatt Satyagraha.

Answer: (i) It was limited mostly in cities and towns. (ii) People started using violent methods so Gandhiji had to call off the Satyagraha.

Question: Why was the Khilafat Committee formed?

Answer: The Khilafat Committee was formed to defend the khalifa’s temporal powers.

Question: Who was the writer of the book ‘Hind Swaraj’?

Answer: Mahatma Gandhi

Question: When was the Non-cooperation Khilafat Movement launched?

Answer: January 1921

Question: Who was Baba Ramchandra?

Answer: He was a Sanyasi who led Non-cooperation movement in Awadh.

Question: What were the major demands of the peasants who participated in the Noncooperation Khilafat movement? Mention any two?

Answer: (1) Reduction of revenue (2) Abolition of begar

Question: Why the tribal peasants participated in the Non-cooperation Khilafat movement?

Answer: The colonial government had closed large forests areas, preventing people from entering the forests to graze their cattle or to collect tueiwood and fruits.

Question: What was the Inland Emigration Act of 1859?

Answer: Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers were not permitted to leave the tea gardens without permission.

Question: When was Non-Cooperation Movement withdrawn by Gandhiji? Give reason.

Answer: The Non Cooperation movement was withdrawn in 1922 because of a violent incident in Chauri Chaura.

Question: Who were the founders of the Swaraj Party?

Answer: C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru.

Question: Who was Alluri Sitaram Raju?

Answer: He was a nationalist of Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh who lead the Non Cooperation of 1921.

Question: What was the course of Dandi March?

Answer: The march was over 240 miles, from Gandhiji’s ashram in Sabarmati to the Gujarati coastal town of Dandi.

Question: Who was Abdul Ghaffar khan?

Answer: He was a devout disciple of Mahatma Gandhi who lead the Civil Disobedience movement in Peshawar.

Question: Name the Commission which was formed to look into the functioning of the constitutional system in India. Who was the President of the Commission.

Answer: Simon Commission. Sir John Simon was the President.

Question: What is the importance of the Lahore Congress session of 1929?

Answer: It was the session in which the demand of ‘Purna Swaraj’ or full independence for India was made.

Question: When and under whose leadership was Civil Disobedience movement launched?

Answer: The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched in 1930 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.

Question: What was the main motive of the Salt March?

Answer: To break the Salt law.

Question: Which incident marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement?

Answer: On 6th April, Mahatma Gandhi ceremonially violated the Salt Act, manufacturing salt by boiling sea water. This incident marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Question: What was Gandhi-Irwin Pact?

Answer: The pact which was signed between Gandhiji and Lord Irwin on 5th March 1931. Under this pact Gandhiji consented to participate in a Round Table Conference in London whereas government agreed to release all the political prisoners.

Question: When was Gandhi Irwin Pact signed?

Answer: 5th March 1931.

Question: Why the rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience movement?

Answer: For them the fight for Swaraj was a struggle against high revenues.

Question: The Congress was unwilling to support ‘no rent’ campaigns during Civil Disobedience movement. Give reason.

Answer: Because it did not want to raise issue that might upset the rich peasants and landlords.

Question: Who announced a vague offer of ‘Dominion Status’ for India in 1929?

Answer: Viceroy Irwin