Class Notes NCERT Solutions for CBSE Students
Question: What are biotic resources?
Answer: These are obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc.
Question: Name any two states where over irrigation is responsible for land degradation.
Answer:
- Punjab
- Haryana
Question: Name any two states where mining is responsible for land degradation.
Answer: Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh.
Question: HOW over-irrigation leads to land degradation?
Answer: Over-irrigation degrades land due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity of the soil.
Question: HOW can land degradation be checked in Rajasthan as the state is having arid soil? Mention any two methods.
Answer:
- Control on over grazing.
- Stabilization of sand dunes.
Question: Suggest any two ways to check land degradation.
Answer:
- Afforestation
- Proper management of grazing
Question: Mention any two factors which have contributed in the development of various types of soils.
Answer:
- Varied relief features.
- Varied climatic conditions.
Question: ‘The entire northern plains are made of alluvial soils. Name the rivers due to which the soils have been deposited.
Answer: The Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
Question: HOW can the alluvial soil be classified according to their age?
Answer:
- Khadar
- Bangar
Question: Out of Khadar and Bangar soil which is more fertile? Give one reason.
Answer: Khadar soil is more fertile because it has more fine particles.
Question: Name any two minerals present in alluvial soil which makes it ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereals.
Answer: Potash and lime.
Question: Name one important crop cultivated in :
(i) Alluvial soil (ii) Black-soil
Answer:
- Alluvial – Wheat
- Black – Cotton.
Question: Which soil is ideal for growing cotton? [CBSE 2014]
Answer: Black soil.
Question: Which soil is well known for their capacity to hold moisture? Give reason.
Answer: Black soil. Because black soil is made up of extremely fine clayey material.
Question: Name a mineral in which the black soil is poor.
Answer: Phosphoric contents.
Question: Why black soil is tilled immediately after the first shower?
Answer: These soils are sticky when wet and difficult to work on.
Question: Name the soil which develops on crystalline igneous rocks.
Answer: Red soil.
Question: ‘Laterite’ has been derived from the Greek word ‘later’. What does the term later mean?
Answer: Brick.
Question: The running water cuts through clayey soils and makes deep channels. What are they called?
Answer: Gully erosion.
Question: Which state has mostly laterite soil?
Answer: Karnataka.
Question: Which soil types is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rainfall?
Answer: Laterite soil.
Question: Name the soil which develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall.
Answer: Laterite soil.
Question: Name any two crops associated with laterite soil.
Answer: Tea and coffee.
Question:. Which soils are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature?
Answer: Arid soils.
Question: ‘The lower horizon of the arid soils are occupied by kankar’. Give reason.
Answer: This is because of increasing calcium content downwards.
Question: Name any two natural factors which are responsible for soil erosion.
Answer: Wind and glacier.
Question: By which name is the bad land known in Chambal basin?
Answer: Ravines.
Question: What is sheet erosion?
Answer: When the top layer of the soil is removed over a large area by running water, it is called sheet erosion.
Question: What is wind erosion?
Answer: Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land. This is known as wind erosion.
Question: What is contour ploughing?
Answer: Ploughing along the contour lines is known as contour ploughing.
Question: How contour ploughing helps in the soil conservation?
Answer: Ploughing along the contour lines decelerates the flow of water down the slopes.
