Resources and development: 10th Geography

Question: What are renewable resources? Give two examples.

Answer: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenish-able resources. For example, solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc. The renewable resource may further be divided into continuous or flow.

Question: What are non renewable resources? Give two examples.

Answer: These occur over a very long geological time. These resources take millions of years in their formation. Some of the resources like metals are recyclable and some like fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use. For example, coal, bauxite.

Question: What are individual resources? Give two examples.

Answer: Resources which are owned by private individuals are known as individual resources. Plots, fields, house, car, book, etc. are some examples of individual resources.

Question: What are community owned resources? Give two examples.

Answer: The resources which are accessible to all the members of the community are known as community resources. Village ponds, public parks, playgrounds, etc. are some examples of community resources.

Question: What are national resources? Give two examples.

Answer: All the resources which are under the control of state or union government are known as national resources. All the resources within political boundaries are national resources because the government has the power to acquire even private property. For example, Indian railway, Bhakra dam.

Question: What are potential resources? Give two examples.

Answer: Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilized due to lack of capital or other reasons. For example, the western parts of India particularly Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for the development of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly.

Question: What are developed resources? Give two examples.

Answer: These are resources which have been surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilization. The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility. For example, India has a cumulative total of 2,47,847 million tones of coal resources.

Question: What is stock? Give two examples.

Answer: These are material in the environment which have the potential to satisfy the human needs but could not be used as the human beings do not have the appropriate technology to convert them into usable form. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound of two inflammable gases i.e. hydrogen and oxygen but human beings do not have the required technology to use them as a source of energy.

Question: What are reserves? Explain with examples.

Answer: Reserves are the subset of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technical ‘know-how’ but their use has not been started. These can be used for meeting future requirements. River water can be used for generating hydroelectric power but presently, it is being utilized only to a limited extent. Thus, the water in the dams, forests etc. is a reserve which can be used in the future.

Question: “Planning of resources is very important for a country like India”. Justify by giving three reasons.

Answer:

1. India has enormous diversity in the availability of resources. There are many regions which are rich in certain type of resources but are deficient in some other resources.
2. The states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits but lacks in infrastructural development.
3. The states like Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh are rich in soil but lacks minerals.